石榴籽·同心圆 | 傈僳族：弩弓激荡 踏歌传世

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每年的泼水节，菩提寺门前就逐渐热闹起来。这天晚上，寺里大殿前将举办一场民族团结餐，各民族宾客一起举杯共饮庆祝节日，这其中就有胡兰英。

Every year during the Water Splashing Festival, the area in front of the Puti Temple gradually becomes lively. On the evening of the festival, a banquet promoting ethnic unity is held in front of the temple's main hall, where guests from various ethnic groups raise their glasses together to celebrate. Among them is Hu Lanying.

胡兰英是傈僳族一位致力于本民族文化研究和发展的学者。近几天，她和同伴抽时间排练傈僳族舞蹈《我们来相会》。

Hu Lanying, a scholar from the Lisu ethnic group, is dedicated to the research and development of her people's culture. In recent days, she and her companions have taken time to rehearse the Lisu dance "We Come to Meet."

胡兰英（德宏州傈僳族发展进步研究学会副会长）：“动作我们要欢快一点，步伐要轻巧一点。我们是要来祝贺傣族泼水节嘛，那首歌的意思就是说，我们兄弟姊妹相会到一起来开心，一起来唱歌，一起来跳舞。”

Hu Lanying, vice president of the Dehong Lisu Development and Progress Research Association: Our movements should be lively and our steps light. We are here to celebrate the Dai Water Splashing Festival. The meaning of that song is that brothers and sisters come together to be happy, to sing, and to dance.

傈僳族是一个能歌善舞的民族。一年一度的新年“阔时节”上，男女青年都要盛装打扮，举行射弩、跳舞、对歌等活动。有的则以优美的舞姿和悠扬的歌声来表达双方的爱慕之情，定下终身。

The Lisu ethnic group is known for their singing and dancing. During the Lisu New Year festival called "Kuoshi," young men and women dress in traditional attire and participate in activities such as crossbow shooting, dancing, and singing competitions. Some express their mutual affection through graceful dance movements and melodious songs, often leading to lifelong commitments.

叙事长诗《阔时目刮》是阔时节上唱的调子，原诗5字一行，共有近万行。歌声粗犷热情，富于节奏感。并配合跳“大嘎”（三步舞）展示傈僳民族的迁徙史、服饰、祭祀等文化元素，是傈僳族文化发展的活化石之一。

The narrative epic "Kuoshi Mugua" is a traditional song performed during the Kuoshi Festival. The original poem consists of nearly 10,000 lines, each with five characters. The singing is robust and passionate, characterized by a strong rhythmic quality. Accompanied by the three-step dance called "Daga," it showcases elements of Lisu culture such as migration history, traditional clothing, and rituals. It is considered one of the living fossils of the Lisu cultural heritage.

余忠斌（《阔时目刮》县级非物质文化遗产传承人）：“我们傈僳族祖先长期以来一直生活驻守在边境地区，族人们扛弩拿枪来守卫边境，保护家园。后来结合给英雄庆功活动，逐步形成了现在我们扛大弩，拿刀枪，跳阔时大嘎的壮观表现形式。”

Yu Zhongbin, county-level inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of "Kuoshi Mugua": Our Lisu ancestors have long lived and guarded the border areas. Tribe members carried crossbows and guns to defend the frontier and protect their homeland. Over time, combined with ceremonies celebrating heroes, this gradually evolved into the current grand performance featuring carrying large crossbows, wielding weapons, and performing the Kuoshi Daga dance.

从小，每当有人家请师傅们唱《盖房调》《娶亲调》《阔时目刮调》时，余忠斌都在旁认真倾听，最终成为了“嘎头”。如今，老人也培养出来多位“嘎头”延续着这项艺术。

Since childhood, whenever someone invited masters to perform"House Building Tune," the "Wedding Tune," or the "Grand Celebration Tune," Yu Zhongbin would listen attentively. He eventually became a lead performer called "Gatou." Today, the elder has trained several lead performers to carry on this art form.

曹玉华是《阔时目刮》如今的“嘎头”之一，也是非遗传承人。每逢节日活动，他都会换上行头护送“大弩”到现场，傈僳族弩弓历史悠久，代表着傈僳人的勇敢与智慧。

Cao Yuhua is currently one of the lead performers of "Kuoshi Mugua" and a recognized inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage. During festival events, he dons traditional attire to escort the giant crossbow to the site. The Lisu crossbow has a long history and symbolizes the bravery and wisdom of the Lisu people.

曹玉华（《阔时目刮》县级非物质文化遗产传承人）：“这个大弩是我们出征前，一干人要跳阔时大嘎，我们叫出征之舞。”

Cao Yuhua, county-level inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of "Kuoshi Mugua": This giant crossbow is used before we set out on a mission. Everyone performs the Kuoshi Daga dance, which we call the departure dance.

今天，曹玉华与同是传承人的余圣秋相约一起为宾客展示傈僳族民俗文化，余圣秋和傈僳族少女们早早便起来打扮。

Today, Cao Yuhua and fellow inheritor Yu Shengqiu teamed up to showcase Lisu ethnic customs to guests. Yu Shengqiu and the Lisu young women rose early to prepare for the event.

余圣秋（《阔时目刮》县级非物质文化遗产传承人）：“这个叫包头，我们戴的时候要全部弄好，然后呢，像这样套起来。”

Yu Shengqiu, county-level inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of "Kuoshi Mugua": This is called a "Baotou." When we wear it, we need to arrange it all properly, then put it on like this.

德宏一带的傈僳族妇女服饰称“花傈僳”，服饰鲜艳美观，上衣及长裙上镶绣许多花边，头缠花布头巾，行走时摇曳摆动，显得婀娜多姿。

The traditional dress of Lisu women in Dehong, known as "Flower Lisu," is vibrant and visually striking. Their outfits feature richly embroidered trims on both the tops and long skirts. They wear floral-patterned headscarves wrapped around their heads, which sway gracefully as they walk, highlighting their elegance.

《阔时目刮》不只是民族史诗，更充满着生动的表达。男问女答或女问男答，唱诵着生产、生活、爱情和友谊。

"Kuoshi Mugua" is not only an ethnic epic but also rich in vivid expressions. Through a call-and-response format between men and women, it narrates themes of production, daily life, love, and friendship.

傈僳族语“诗蜜娃底”，意思是“值得人们游玩的地方”，宽广翠绿的草坪上，河水穿流其间，草旺牛肥。时而围坐、时而共舞的青年男女们放声歌唱，那花、那风、那景、那树，美得让人心醉……

In the Lisu language, "Shi Mi Wa Di" means "a place worth visiting." On the vast, verdant lawns, rivers flow gently, with lush grass and well-fed cattle. Young men and women, sometimes sitting in circles and sometimes dancing together, sing loudly. The flowers, the wind, the scenery, and the trees create a breathtakingly beautiful setting.

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